Fluid-pressure motor.



A. G. ELVIN. FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLIUATIOHPILED MARA 10, 192.0.

196399530 Patented June 18, 1912.

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W TNESSES l y Y INVENTOR 4 f m m M55/522.52m

A. G. ELVIN.

. FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLIUATION FILED MAR.10,1910.

LOSUQO6S, 4 lPatentecvl June 1'8, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I WITNESSES MMA INVENTOR i ,oaoneaI y Specification ci" Letters Patent.

pplication tiled March l0, 1916. Serial 'l'o. 548,358.

Tomi/Z whom #may concern .lle it known that l, ALBERT il. lim-'m1, of East Grange, in the county of and State of New Jersey, have invented a cer-- tain new and useful Improvement in Fluid- Prcssure Motors for l `ire-lox Doors or other Reciprocating Members, of which iniprovement the following is a specicaiion.

My present invention relates to pneu-- matic door operating mechanism of the gen eral class or type of that ser forth in an aq'lplication for Letters Patent filed hy me February 5, 1907. Ser. llo. 355,873", and its object is to provide an appliance of such ltype which shall attain the advantages of thatof Said application, and embody the further advantages of effecting both the opening and closure or the door hy fluid pressure, of cushioning the movements of the door in both directions, and ot' the ca.- pacity of ready disconnection ol the pneumatic operating mechanism Whenever it may become neceseary or desirable to manually i' -I-operate the door.

" fully set fortln The improvement claimed iS hereinafter 'ln the accompanying drawings: Figure l is'a front vien7 of a rehox 4door operating appliance illustrating an application of my invention, with the operating cylinder thereof in longitudinal central Section; liig. 2, a side vie\v,'in elevation, of the removable door of Vthe gear casing; Fig. a view,

` partly in plan and partlyin horizontal central'section, of the operating cylinder; Fig. Llfya plan view, on an enlarged scale, of the left hand port-ion of the operating cylinder; Fig. 5, a vertical transyersesection through the operating cylinder and .,valves, on the line a a. ot Fig. 4; Fig, 6, annilar section through the inclosure of the operating valve and exhaust regulating valve, 0n 'the line l) Z) of Fig. 4; Fig. 7, a similar Section v'through the upper portion of the operating cylinder, on the line' c c of Fig. -Lle; and llig. 8, a similar section through the gear case, on the line d d of Fig. f5.'`

My invention is herein exemplified in con nection with a fire door appliance comprehending two door leaves or reciprocating members or sections, 9, 9a, which are iitted to slide horizontally toward and from each other in guides, 3, on a door frame, and to cover and uncover, as the case ma* loe,- a firingopening in aI rebox or furnace to 'which the frame is connected. The door arme of said levers being c-urpled to the ln'erineahuur @coment yearsf door sections. il', lla, are formed on the levers concentric with their pivote, i3, and iov t ie, oec] ll ation of said segment ,gears about their axes. the

door sections Will he moved from 'or toward each other, as "che case may he. ,fl hund lever. lll, ie nivoterl to the hott guides; oil the door frame, and is ln'oli" wl with :i longitudinal slot, lila, engen*` a nin, lll, fixed to the door section, 9, lor tl'ic'lourpose of operatingef the door sections nianuallv. when desired. i ln the practice ol niy invention, as an plied in connection with a door mechanism of the type ahove described, :i fluid nrcseurc cylinder. is bolted to the top j th` door traine, 3, and is clonedn al' one "c jds, in this cane the lett hand. end, hy head, 'E i. The. cylinder, is formed i or lined to, an onen bottomed cca 25", into which the Segment gears, l?, A project, and through ich it is conneclcd tov the door. The end. olf the cylinder opnositeA that to which the heal, QG, is securef,I is open to the gear casing).

A piston, 28, is 'fitted in the cylinder, and is formed integral with, or in d lo. a piston rod,'28" which inade of mehdi-- ameter ae to cause the area olillc e effective for pressure to he enlist-ar ally lena on the piston rod side 'than on the opposite Side, the former no', Y afl" the latter. thus constituri the. 'pieton a lillereniial one. The hore o and for some distance troni, its onen end. is in correspondence with the diameter of the piston rod` and the latter is, in this inu stance, shown liornnd in two sections,

*which are connected hy aY holt, 25%. ,'lllhe piston is fitted with ,Ti-achting rings 29, and. the piston rod with packing; rings, @9V- The end of' the piston rod which projecto through the open end of the cylinder, in 2 coupled, loy a pin, 19a, to an arm, 19, on the `seggment lgear, lhthe pin passing through a longitudinal slot in the arni, so as to admit of the vibration of the latter about the of the segment. gear. An extension., 25W, formed on the outer end of the piatoii'r'o to prevent'the pin from rollinggdow the cylinder, L5, at,

llllll the gear casing when it is detached from the arm and temporarily stowed at the side ofV the extension. Movement to the right or to the left, as desired, is imparted to the piston by fiuid pressure, as hereinafter described, and it will be seen that such movement will. through the segment gears and their connections, move the door sections apart, or bring them together, as the case may be.

The supply and exhaust of motive fluid to and from the opposite sides of the piston,'28, to effect the opening and closing movements of the door sections, are effected by the fol-t y of a door opening supply and exhaust valve,

33,4 which seats downwardly and is fixed i upon a cylindrical stem, 35, fitting truly in the cylindrical bore and extending for a short' distance below the lower end thereof.

stem, 35, of the valve, 33, is fitted.

Another valve chamber, 54, which is closed at its top by a removable plug, 54a, is formed in the metal of' the cylinder, adjacent to t-he chamber, 34, a'nd substantially in the vertical axial plane of the cylinder, .said chamber communicating with' the chamber, 34, by a port or passage, 43. A valve seat is formed in the bottom of the valve chamber, 54, for the reception of a door closing supplyl valve, 53, which seats downwardly and is fixed upon a cylindrical stem, 55, fitting,l truly in a cylindrical bore extending from the valve chamber, 54, into the bore of the cylinder, 25. The stem, 55, is recessed or reduced in diameter immediately below the valve, 53, and a port or passage, 53a, ex tends through the stem, from the recessed portion, nearly to its lower end, and is continuously open, through lateral branches, to the bore of the .cylinder aroundthe piston rod, 28a. The supply pipe, 3l, communi- Cates, through a port or passage 3l", with the port, 43, which connects the pressure chambers, 34 and 54, and with a lubricating cup, 44, from which oil is supplied to the valves and to the cylinder, 25. A port or passage, 45, leads from the left hand end of the cylinder to a lateral branch port, 45, which opens into the bore in which the The stem, 35, is recessed or reduced in diameter below the valve, and the port, 45, is continuously open to the space in thebore surrounding the recessed portion of the stem. An exhaust port, 48, leads from the bore to the atmosphere, said exhaust port being so located that when the valve, 33, is seated, it will be uncovered by the recessed -portion of. the stem, and willtherefore be in communi- A shoe, 28e, is fitted on the upper side of'. the piston rod, 28, in position to abut aga-inst the lower end of the stem, 55, of the valve, 53, said shoe being recessed at and adjacent to its end nearer .the valve stem and upwardly inclmed from its recessed portion, which is not in contact with the valve stem, to its portion` ofrlull thickness. When, in the traverse of the piston 'rod to the right, the inclined portion ot' the shoe strilrcsthc 'valve -stem,`it thereby unseats the valve, 53,

and holds it unseated during the remainder of itstraverse to the right. When, in the traverse of the piston rod tothe left, the recessed portion of the shoe comes below the valve stem, the latter is thereby freed from contact with the shoe, and vthe valve, is seated by the fiuid pressure above it.

A rod, 39, having a head, 36, which is in contactwith the lower end of the stem, of the valve, 33, is fitted to slide vertically in a guide, 37, on the door frame, and is coupled, at its lower end, to a double armed treadle lever, 4l, pivoted to the door frame and carrying a treadle, 42, which normallystands at a level slightly above that of the deck or firing floor of the firebox. y By downward pressure of his foot on the treadle, 42, the fireman can, through the lever, 4l, and rod, 39, unseat the valve, 33, and upon the release of' such pressure, the valve will be reseated by the pressure from the supply pipe acting upon it in its chamber, 34. ai spring, 39, may be applied to return the rod, 39, to normal position.

A swinging door, 25", is Ipivoted to the side of the gear casing, 25, adjacent to the extension, 28, of the piston rod, for the purpose of' enabling 'the pin, 19a, which connects the piston rod with the gear, 17, to be withdrawn', when, for any purpose, it may be desired to disconnect the fiuid pressure operating mechanism and open fand close the doors manually in the ordinary manner.-

In the operation of the motor, the fireman presses his foot upon the treadle, 42, thereby unseating the valve, 33, which admits fluid pressure from the supply pipe, 3l, and communicating valve chamber, 34, past the grooved or reduced portion of the valve stem, 35, and through the portsg'45 and 45, to the left hand of the operating cylinder, 25,y thereby moving the piston, 23,thereof to the right, and through the connected segment gears, `l7 and 17, imparting opening movement to the door sections, 9, 9a. As

`the`piston moves forward, the valve, 53, is unseated by-the shoe, 28e, and admits fluid under pressure, trdin the chamber 54;,to the' right hand side of the piston. By reason of 5 the substantial difference of the areas ot the piston subject to pressure on its opposite sides, the tluid pressure admitted on the right hand side will be sufficient `only to check or cushion the stroke ol the piston to the right, and' thus prevent slamming or shock of the doors, without preventing them from being completely opened. Theunreduced portion et the shoe, 28?, holds the Valve, 53, unseated until the` completion ot the right hand stroke. Upon the release of pressure .on the treadle, 4Q, the valve, 33, will be seated by the lluidpressure above it. and when seated, its stein, 35, will uncover the port, 48, thereby permitting the exhaustof fluid from the lett hand ot the cylinder to the atmosphere, thrliu'gli the ports, 45, fk5, and 48. In the lett hand strokev of the piston, the shoe, 28e, holds the valve, 53, unseated, until its reduced portion comes below the valve stem, 55, wl ich will be near the end of the stroke, wheil be seated by the pressure above it. The' eX- pansion ot the fluid on the right hand side of thepiston, and the momentum of the o .door sections, -will carry the piston to the end of its left hand stroke. ivlien the door sections will be completely closed. The regulating valve, 51, is adjusted so as to sufficiently cushion the exhaust from the lett hand end ot' the cylinder to prevent the slamming of the door sections in closing.

lf, by reason o failure of fluid pressure, drangement of moving parts, or for any other reason, it becomes necessary, or is desii-ed, to discontinue the operation ot the fluid pressure mechanism, the door, 25h, is opened, and the pin, 19, withdrawn and temporarily deposited on a horizontal portion of the gear casing below the door, thereby disconnecting the piston rod from the gcar,17, and permitting the door sections to be manually operated by the lever, 18.

The appliance is readily applicable, in connection with lireboxes of any of the ordinary constructions, and the working parts involved are comp ratively few in number and of such charac ver that they can be sub-- stantially made adl are protected from liability to breakage and from damage by the access ofdirt. The operation of the door sections is quick, simple, and easy, and the automatic closure of the door sections effects the substantial advantage of compelling single shovel tiring, the advantage of footing combustion, and reducing iirebogv and flue repairs, has been universally recogl nized in railroad service. The facility of connection and disco nection ofthe operating mechanism and he doors is of substansaid valve will which4 practice, in economizing fuel, per' i tial advantage in providing for the operation of the latter-under any contingencies interfering with the normal working of the .former which may be presented in practice.

Another important advantage is afforded in the prevention of serious oi fatal inyury to the engineer and fireman 1n the event of a flue bursting or a croivn sheet coming down,

in which case,l an ordinary swinging door would be blown open, allowing the steam and hot water to escape into the cab of the engine.

With the mechanically opeiarted dooi above described, it the door sections'should he open and the fireman be tiring, the moment he relieves pressure from4 the treadle the dooi' sections will be automatically closed, thereby preventing the ingress of steam and hot water to the cab, and causing thcin to be blown down through the grate.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. The combination of 'a fluid pressure cylinder which is open at one of its ends,

a differential piston working in said cylinder,`a piston rod passing through the open end of` said cylinder, a gear coupled detachably to said piston rod, an operatingr valve controlling the suppdy and exhaust ot' fluid to and from the larger end of the piston. a-

valve controlling the supply ot fluid to the Smaller' end of the piston,` and means projecting into the path of and actuated by 'the movement of the piston, for .opening said last recited valve.

2. The combination of a fluid pressure cylinder, a differential piston working thereleo in, an operating valve which, when vunseated, admits fluid pressure to the larger end of the piston, and, when seated, exhausts fluid pressure therefrom, and which is continuously subject to fluid supply pressure, means for unseating the operating valve, and means projecting into the path of and actuated bythe movement of the piston, for effecting the supply' of Huid to the smaller end thereof.-

3.`The combination of a fluid pressure cylinder, a differential piston working therein, an operating valve which, when unseated, admits fluid pressure to the larger end of the piston, and when seated, exhausts pressure therefrom, and which is continuously'subj ect to fluid supply pressure, means for unseating the operating valve, a yalvef controlling the supply of luid to the smaller end of the piston, and a recessed shoe carried by the rod of the piston and adapted to unseat, andl hold unseated, said last recited valve during the major portion of the traverse of the piston in each direction.

fl. The combination of a fluid pressure cylinder, a differential piston Workingtherein, a valve chamber in the cylinder, adjoining the larger end of the piston, a fluid pressure supply pipe open continuously to the valve chamber, supply and exhaust ports leading into and out of the cylinder on the larger end of the piston, a valve normally seated under supply pressure, in thevalve chamber, and controlling communication between said chamber and the cylinder and between the cylinder and the exhaust port, means for unseatiug said Valve, a second pressure chamber in the cylinder, a port connecting said chamber with the supply pipe, a supply" port leading into the cylinder :trom said second pressure chamber, a valve normally seated in said pressure chamber and controlling communication between said chamber and the cylinder, and means projecting into the path and actuated by the movement of the piston, for unseatingsaid valve. t

5. The combination of a fluid pressure cylinder, a differential piston Working therein, an automatically seating operating valve controlling the supply and exhaust of fluid to and from the larger end of the piston, means for unseating said operating Valve, an automatically seating valve controlling the supply and exhaust oit fluid to the smaller end of the piston, and means projecting into the path and actuated by the movement of the piston, for unscating said last recited Valve.

6. The combination of a fluid pressure cylinder, a differential piston working therein, an automatically seating operating valve controlling the supply and exhaust of fluid to and from the larger end of the piston,-

means for unseating said operating valve, an adjustable'regulating valve for varying the area for exhaust from the correspond-- ing end ofthe cylinder, an automatically seating valve controlling the supply of fluid to the smaller end of the piston, and means projecting into the path and .actuated by the movement of the piston, lfor unseating said last recited Valve prior to the seating of the operating valve.

7. The combination of a fluid vpressure cylinder, a diEerential piston Working therein, a valve chamber in the cylinder, a uid pressure supply pipe open continuously to the valve chamber, supply and exhaust ports leading into the cylinder, a valve normally chamber and controlling said port, and a recessed shoe carried by the rod of tliepis ton, and adapted to unseat, andhold unseated, said last recited Valve duringjthe major portion of the traverse of the piston in each direction,

a ALBERT G. ELVIN VVtnesse-s:

J. SNowDnN BELL, E. M. HorLER. 

